The effect of climate change on individuals and communities

May 19, 2024

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Climate change is not only a physical threat to our planet, but it also has significant psychological effects on individuals and communities. As the Earth’s temperature continues to rise, so too does the stress and anxiety felt by people around the world.
Notably, Nigeria’s climate has been changing, evident in: increases in temperature; variable rainfall; rise in sea level and flooding; drought and desertification; land degradation; more frequent extreme weather events; affected fresh water resources and loss of biodiversity. The durations and intensities of rainfall have increased, producing large runoffs and flooding in many places in Nigeria. These cases aren’t predominant in Nigeria only as other countries of the world are also facing the impact of climate change.
One of the key psychological effects of climate change is eco-anxiety, a term used to describe the fear and worry about the environmental future of the planet. This anxiety can manifest itself in various ways, including feelings of helplessness, depression, and hopelessness. Individuals may also experience feelings of guilt and sadness as they witness the devastating impacts of climate change on ecosystems and vulnerable communities.
On the 5th of October 2023, the water levels in Adamawa, a state in Nigeria started rising which lead to severe flooding that caused significant infrastructural damage, including roads, shelter facilities, health facilities, IDP sites, schools, and other community facilities across 14 out of 21 LGAs in Adamawa State.owing to the release of water from the Lagdo Dam in the Republic of Cameroon.
According to the latest Adamawa State Emergency Management Agency (ADSEMA) report, the floods have caused a large-scale displacement of more than 8,504 households (51,043 individuals), the majority of whom are women, children, and the elderly, currently living in 11 temporary settlements across Yola South, Yola North, Lamude, Madagali, and Demsa LGAs. 33 casualties were reported.
This situation can cause eco-anxiety, as the affected people were depressed, helpless and lost their loved ones, businessses and their shelter. Also, the changing weather patterns and increase in atmospheric temperature has led to several panics and unrestlessness and causing discomfort.
In addition to eco-anxiety, climate change can also lead to a sense of loss and grief. As natural disasters become more frequent and severe, individuals may mourn the destruction of ecosystems, homes, and communities. This grief can be particularly acute for those who have experienced the direct impacts of climate change, such as losing loved ones or being forced to relocate due to rising sea levels.
Communities are also affected by the psychological impacts of climate change. Disasters such as hurricanes, floods, and wildfires can disrupt the social fabric of communities, causing increased rates of stress, trauma, and mental health disorders. The loss of homes, livelihoods, and sense of security can further exacerbate existing social inequalities and disparities, leading to greater levels of distress and emotional turmoil.
Furthermore, the psychological effects of climate change can also contribute to a sense of collective action paralysis. People may feel overwhelmed by the scale of the problem and unsure of how to make a meaningful impact. This sense of futility and powerlessness can hinder efforts to address climate change and create a sense of apathy and resignation among individuals and communities.
Finally, to address the psychological effects of climate change, it is essential for individuals and communities to prioritize self-care and mental health support. This may include seeking therapy, practicing relaxation techniques, and connecting with others who share similar concerns. It is also important for policymakers to prioritize mental health in climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts, by providing resources for community resilience and support.
Ultimately, the psychological effects of climate change are a significant and often overlooked aspect of the global crisis. By acknowledging and addressing these effects, we can help individuals and communities build greater resilience and capacity to cope with the challenges of a changing climate.