If you’ve been hearing more about TAVI and are curious about what it entails, you’re not alone. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is an innovative and life-changing procedure that has been making waves in the world of cardiology. This guide aims to show what TAVI is, how it works, who it’s for, and what to expect if you or a loved one might be undergoing this procedure.
What is TAVI?
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation, commonly known as TAVI, is a minimally invasive procedure to treat aortic stenosis. In this condition, the aortic valve in the heart becomes narrowed and restricts blood flow. This narrowing makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue.
Unlike traditional open-heart surgery, TAVI offers a less invasive alternative for valve replacement. Instead of making a large incision in the chest, TAVI is performed through a small catheter, typically inserted through the groin or chest, delivering a new valve to replace the damaged one.
How Does TAVI Work?
The TAVI procedure begins with inserting a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into a blood vessel, usually in the groin area. Guided by advanced imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy or echocardiography, the catheter is carefully threaded through the vascular system to the heart. Once in place, the catheter deploys a collapsible valve, which is then expanded to push aside the old, damaged valve and take its place.
Here’s a simplified step-by-step process of how TAVI is performed:
- Preparation: The patient is given a mild sedative or anesthesia to comfort them. The catheter is inserted into a blood vessel, often in the groin area, though other access points may be used depending on the patient’s condition.
- Navigation: Using real-time imaging, the catheter is navigated through the arteries to the heart, specifically to the aortic valve area.
- Valve Deployment: Once in position, the new valve is deployed through the catheter. It is carefully expanded to replace the old valve. The new valve begins functioning immediately, restoring proper blood flow.
- Completion: The catheter is removed, and the incision site is closed. The patient is then monitored closely as they recover.
Who is a Candidate for TAVI?
TAVI is generally considered for patients who have severe aortic stenosis but are deemed too high-risk for traditional open-heart surgery. This includes older adults or those with other health conditions that make a surgical approach risky. TAVI offers a less invasive option with a potentially quicker recovery time and fewer complications.
However, only some people with aortic stenosis will be eligible for TAVI. The decision to undergo TAVI involves a thorough evaluation by a multidisciplinary team, including cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons, who assess the patient’s overall health, valve anatomy, and other factors.
Benefits of TAVI
- Minimally Invasive: One of the most significant advantages of TAVI is its minimally invasive nature. Compared to traditional surgery, it involves smaller incisions and requires only a brief hospital stay.
- Reduced Recovery Time: Patients often experience a faster recovery, with many returning to their daily activities sooner than those who undergo open-heart surgery.
- Improved Quality of Life: TAVI can significantly improve symptoms of aortic stenosis, such as shortness of breath and chest pain, leading to a better quality of life.
- Lower Risk of Complications: TAVI may present fewer risks for some patients than traditional surgery, especially for those older or with multiple health issues.
Risks and Considerations
While TAVI is a revolutionary procedure, it’s important to be aware of potential risks. These may include:
- Bleeding or Infection: As with any procedure, there’s a risk of bleeding or infection at the insertion site.
- Valve Malposition: The new valve may need to be positioned correctly.
- Stroke: Although rare, there’s a small risk of stroke during or after the procedure.
Your healthcare team will discuss these risks in detail and guide you on minimizing them.
What to Expect After TAVI
After the procedure, you’ll be monitored closely in the hospital. Most patients stay for a few days before being discharged. Recovery times can vary, but many can resume normal activities within a few weeks.
Here’s a general idea of what to expect:
- Initial Recovery: You may experience soreness and tiredness at the insertion site. Pain management and gradual mobility are key components of early recovery.
- Follow-Up Care: Regular appointments with your cardiologist will be necessary to ensure the new valve functions correctly and monitor your overall heart health.
- Lifestyle Adjustments: Your doctor might suggest certain lifestyle changes or medications to support your heart health and ensure the success of the TAVI procedure.
Finding the right care for your heart is essential for a healthier and longer life. Whether it’s preventive measures, advanced diagnostics, or specialized treatments, expert guidance makes all the difference. Dr. Kalkekar’s CURA Clinic offers trusted heart treatment in Seawoods, prioritizing your well-being with care tailored to your needs.
Conclusion
TAVI represents a significant advancement in treating aortic stenosis, offering a less invasive option for those who might not be suitable candidates for traditional surgery. By understanding what TAVI is and how it works, you can better navigate the options available for heart valve replacement and make informed decisions about your health.
If you or a loved one are considering TAVI, working closely with a healthcare team specializing in this procedure is essential. They will guide you through the process, ensuring you receive the best care and support for a successful outcome.
