Mattancherry Palace, often referred to as the Dutch Palace, is one of the most iconic landmarks in Kerala’s history. Situated in the bustling town of Mattancherry in Kochi, the palace stands as a symbol of Kerala’s rich cultural heritage and the European colonial influence on the region. Known for its impressive architecture, vibrant murals, and significant historical role, Mattancherry Palace is a must-visit destination for those looking to explore Kerala’s past.
A Glimpse into Mattancherry Palace’s History
Mattancherry Palace was originally built by the Portuguese in 1555 as a gesture of goodwill to the Raja of Kochi, Veera Kerala Varma. At the time, the Portuguese were keen to establish and strengthen their control over the spice trade along the Malabar Coast, and offering the palace to the royal family helped secure their foothold in the region. The palace served as a diplomatic offering, intended to win the favor of the Kochi royal family, who held great sway over trade routes.
In 1663, the Dutch captured Kochi from the Portuguese, and they undertook major renovations of the palace, leading to its common name—the Dutch Palace. The Dutch did not alter the fundamental architecture of the building but restored and enhanced the structure, contributing to its preservation and continued grandeur. As a result, the palace today bears a mix of both Portuguese and Dutch influences.
Architectural Grandeur of Mattancherry Palace Kochi
Mattancherry Palace is an excellent example of the fusion between European colonial architecture and Kerala’s traditional design. It is built in the “Nalukettu” style, which is typical of traditional Kerala homes, with a central courtyard, sloping roofs, and wooden ceilings. The simplicity of the exterior belies the richness of the interior, where intricate carvings, wooden floors, and spectacular murals await.
The palace’s central courtyard is home to a temple dedicated to Pazhayannur Bhagavathy, the patron goddess of the royal family. There are also small shrines dedicated to Lord Krishna and Lord Shiva within the palace complex, reflecting the religious devotion of the rulers who once occupied this space.
The palace consists of long, spacious halls, adorned with large windows and balconies. The wooden ceilings of the palace are beautifully carved, a nod to the craftsmanship of the period. The palace’s architectural design, which merges traditional Kerala construction techniques with European elements, makes it a unique structure in India.
The Stunning Murals of Mattancherry Dutch Palace
The true glory of Mattancherry Palace lies in its murals. These mural paintings, which adorn the walls of the palace, are considered some of the finest examples of Kerala temple art. The murals depict scenes from Hindu mythology, particularly stories from the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and various Puranas.
These exquisite paintings, done in the traditional Kerala mural style, cover an area of over 300 square feet. The use of natural pigments and the detailed, emotional expressions make them a visual treat for visitors. The most famous murals include:
The Coronation of Lord Rama: This mural showcases the crowning of Lord Rama, a significant event from the Ramayana.
Krishna Leela: A series of murals that depict various episodes from the life of Lord Krishna, including his childhood pranks, his battle with the serpent Kaliya, and other tales from the Bhagavata Purana.
Shiva and Parvati: Another significant mural depicts Lord Shiva with his consort Parvati, representing the divine couple.
These murals, dating from the 16th to 18th centuries, are prized for their vivid colors and attention to detail, illustrating the richness of Kerala’s artistic traditions.
Why is Mattancherry Palace Famous?
Mattancherry Palace is famous for several reasons, making it a significant landmark in Kerala’s cultural and historical landscape:
Historical Importance: The palace is a testament to the colonial history of Kochi, representing a period of European involvement in India’s trade and politics. It serves as a physical symbol of the interactions between local rulers and colonial powers like the Portuguese and the Dutch.
Architectural Splendor: The palace is a rare example of Kerala’s traditional architecture blended with European influences. The combination of the Kerala-style Nalukettu design and the European-style embellishments makes the palace a remarkable architectural feat.
Exquisite Murals: The murals of Mattancherry Palace are renowned for their beauty and craftsmanship. They are among the finest examples of traditional Kerala mural art and draw art enthusiasts from around the world. The vivid depictions of Hindu mythology, particularly the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, make these murals a cultural treasure.
Cultural Significance: Mattancherry Palace played a key role in the life of the Kochi royal family. Although it was not their primary residence, it was an important ceremonial venue where coronations and other royal rituals were held. The palace houses portraits of the Kochi kings, royal memorabilia, and other artifacts that offer a glimpse into Kerala’s monarchical past.
Museological Value: Today, the palace functions as a museum, showcasing the legacy of the Kochi royal family. It offers visitors a chance to see royal portraits, swords, palanquins, and other items of historical significance.
Who Stayed in Mattancherry Palace?
Although Mattancherry Palace was built for the royal family of Kochi, it was not used as a permanent residence by the kings. Instead, it served more as a ceremonial palace, primarily used for coronation ceremonies and other significant events. The kings of Kochi, such as Veera Kerala Varma and his successors, would often visit the palace for royal functions, but their actual residence was located elsewhere in Kochi.
The palace also housed several important artifacts belonging to the royal family. These include portraits of the Kochi kings, royal swords, palanquins, and other items that reflect the royal lineage. Today, these items are on display as part of the palace’s museum collection, offering visitors a glimpse into the life of the Kochi royal family.
Mattancherry Palace Timings and Entry Fee
For those planning to visit Mattancherry Palace, the following information will be helpful:
Timings: The palace is open to visitors from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM, with a lunch break between 1:00 PM and 2:00 PM. The palace remains closed on Fridays and on national holidays.
Entry Fee: The entry fee is INR5 for Indian citizens and INR100 for foreign nationals. These nominal charges make the palace an affordable and enriching experience for all visitors.
It is advisable to check the timings and any updates to the entry fee before planning a visit, as changes can occur based on government regulations.
Dutch Palace Mattancherry Kochi Kerala in the Context of Kerala Tourism
Mattancherry Palace, or the Dutch Palace, is a key destination for tourists visiting Kochi. It is part of a larger cultural and historical circuit that includes other important sites like the Jewish Synagogue, Jew Town, and the spice markets of Mattancherry. The area’s multicultural heritage, which includes Jewish, Portuguese, Dutch, and local influences, makes it a fascinating destination for travelers interested in history and culture.
The palace’s proximity to other tourist attractions like Fort Kochi, the Chinese fishing nets, and St. Francis Church means that visitors can easily explore the rich heritage of the region in a single trip. The charm of Mattancherry lies in its ability to transport visitors back to a time when Kerala was a vibrant hub of trade, politics, and culture, with Mattancherry Palace at the heart of it all.
Conclusion
Mattancherry Palace, or the Dutch Palace, is not just an architectural marvel but also a cultural and historical treasure. Its blend of Portuguese and Dutch colonial influences with Kerala’s traditional architecture, combined with its stunning murals, makes it one of the most significant historical landmarks in Kochi. As a ceremonial palace that played a crucial role in the life of the Kochi royal family, it offers visitors a deep dive into the region’s past.
Today, as a museum, Mattancherry Palace continues to draw visitors from around the world who are eager to explore its murals, learn about the royal family, and understand the fascinating history of Kochi. A visit to this palace is a journey through centuries of art, culture, and history, making it an essential stop for anyone exploring Kerala.
