- I-beam
I-beam is a long steel strip with an I-shaped cross section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as “I 160*88*6”, which means an I-beam with a waist height of 160 mm, a leg width of 88 mm, and a waist thickness of 6 mm.
The flanges of ordinary I-beam and light I-beam gradually become thinner from the root to the edge, with a certain angle. Because their cross-sectional dimensions are relatively high and narrow, the moment of inertia of the two main sleeves of the cross section is quite different. Therefore, it is generally only used for members that are bent in the web plane or to form lattice-type load-bearing members. It is not used for axially compressed members or members that are bent perpendicular to the web plane, which has a great limitation on its application range.
I-beam is widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.
- C-shaped steel
C-shaped steel is a steel that is automatically processed by a C-shaped steel forming machine after hot rolling and cold bending.
C-shaped steel has thin walls and light weight, excellent cross-sectional performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, it can save 30% of materials with the same strength.
C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 according to different heights. The length can be determined according to the engineering design, but considering the conditions such as transportation and installation, the total length is generally not more than 12 meters.
C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins and wall beams of steel structure buildings, and can also be combined into lightweight roof trusses, brackets and other building components. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams and arms in mechanical light industry manufacturing.
3.H-shaped steel
H beam is an economical cross-sectional steel with better cross-sectional mechanical properties developed from the optimization of I-shaped steel, especially named because the cross-sectional shape is the same as the English letter “H”. H-shaped steel is divided into wide flange steel (HW), medium flange H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flange H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), and H-shaped steel (HU).
H-shaped steel is a new type of economical construction steel. The cross-sectional shape of H-shaped steel is economical and reasonable, with good mechanical properties. During rolling, the extension of each point on the cross section is relatively uniform and the internal stress is small. Compared with ordinary I-shaped steel, it has the advantages of large cross-sectional modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can reduce the building structure by 30-40%; and because its inner and outer legs are parallel and the leg ends are right angles, it can be assembled into components, which can save 25% of welding and riveting work. It is often used in brackets, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with large bearing capacity and good cross-sectional stability.
Advantages of H-shaped steel
(1) Wide flange and large lateral stiffness. Strong bending resistance.
(2) The two surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other, making connection, processing, and installation simple.
(3) Compared with welded I-beams, it has low cost, high precision, low residual stress, no need for expensive welding materials and weld inspection, and saves about 30% of the cost of steel structure production.
(4) Under the same cross-sectional load, the weight of hot-rolled H-steel structure is 15%-20% lighter than that of traditional steel structure.
(5) Compared with concrete structure, hot-rolled H-steel structure can increase the usable area by 6%, while the self-weight of the structure is reduced by 20%-30%, reducing the internal force of the structural design.
(6) H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, which greatly meets the needs of engineering design and production.
